Is a stream cipher used to provide voice privacy in the GSM cellular telephone protocol. A5/1 is used in Europe and the United States. A number of serious weaknesses in the cipher have been identified. It was initially kept secret, but became public knowledge through leaks and reverse engineering. Is a stream cipher used to provide over-the-air communication privacy in the GSM cellular telephone standard. A5/4: The essential change is the key length input from 64 bits to 128 bits.A5/3: Even stronger ciphering with open design, also called KASUMI.A5/2: Weak ciphering, intended for other countries, now deprecated by GSMA.A5/1: Strong(er) ciphering, intended for use in North America and Europe.There are four variants of A5 in GSM, only the first three are widely deployed: For technical details and attacks see the Cryptome GSM Files. The GSM ciphering algorithm is called A5.
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